{"id":5602,"date":"2025-10-09T18:29:40","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T02:29:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/?p=5602"},"modified":"2025-10-14T01:09:18","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T09:09:18","slug":"whats-inside-a-catalytic-converter-parts-precious-metals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/whats-inside-a-catalytic-converter-parts-precious-metals\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u061f (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-the-outer-shell-the-protective-layer\">1. \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629&nbsp;<strong>\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cross-section-diagram-showing-the-steel-casing.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5603\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cross-section-diagram-showing-the-steel-casing.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cross-section-diagram-showing-the-steel-casing-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cross-section-diagram-showing-the-steel-casing-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cross-section-diagram-showing-the-steel-casing-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cross-section-diagram-showing-the-steel-casing-600x372.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-the-substrate-the-core-structure\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646&nbsp;<strong>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 (\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062a)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0623\u0648&nbsp;<strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627&nbsp;<strong>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0644<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-the-washcoat-increasing-the-surface-area\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a - \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649&nbsp;<strong>\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 (Al\u2082O\u2083)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639&nbsp;<strong>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 (CeO\u2082)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0623\u0648&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 (ZrO\u2082)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631&nbsp;<strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-the-catalysts-precious-metals-that-do-the-work\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a&nbsp;<strong>\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/th><th>\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/th><th>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/td><td>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 (NO\u2093)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0628 \u062f<\/td><td>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (CO)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/td><td>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 (NO\u2093)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>CO \u2192 CO\u2082<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>HC \u2192 CO\u2082 + H\u2082O<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NO\u2093 \u2192 N\u2082 + O\u2082<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a - \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/micro-level-illustration-of-washcoat-layer-with-Pt-Pd-Rh-particles.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5604\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/micro-level-illustration-of-washcoat-layer-with-Pt-Pd-Rh-particles.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/micro-level-illustration-of-washcoat-layer-with-Pt-Pd-Rh-particles-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/micro-level-illustration-of-washcoat-layer-with-Pt-Pd-Rh-particles-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/micro-level-illustration-of-washcoat-layer-with-Pt-Pd-Rh-particles-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/micro-level-illustration-of-washcoat-layer-with-Pt-Pd-Rh-particles-600x372.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-the-insulation-and-matting-keeping-it-all-together\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 - \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643&nbsp;<strong>\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-the-exhaust-flow-path-how-gases-move-through\">6. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 - \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/strong>&nbsp;- \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/strong>&nbsp;- \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c<\/strong>&nbsp;- \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-why-precious-metals-make-catalytic-converters-valuable\">7. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/platinum-palladium-rhodium-why-these-precious-metals-are-crucial-for-catalytic-converters\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Why-Are-Precious-Metals-Like-Platinum-Palladium-and-Rhodium-Vital-for-Catalytic-Converters.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629\" class=\"wp-image-3352\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Why-Are-Precious-Metals-Like-Platinum-Palladium-and-Rhodium-Vital-for-Catalytic-Converters.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Why-Are-Precious-Metals-Like-Platinum-Palladium-and-Rhodium-Vital-for-Catalytic-Converters-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Why-Are-Precious-Metals-Like-Platinum-Palladium-and-Rhodium-Vital-for-Catalytic-Converters-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Why-Are-Precious-Metals-Like-Platinum-Palladium-and-Rhodium-Vital-for-Catalytic-Converters-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Why-Are-Precious-Metals-Like-Platinum-Palladium-and-Rhodium-Vital-for-Catalytic-Converters-600x372.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/platinum-palladium-rhodium-why-these-precious-metals-are-crucial-for-catalytic-converters\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-modern-developments-beyond-the-traditional-design\">8. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 - \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 GPF (\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646) \u0645\u0639 TWC (<a href=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/three-way-catalytic-converter-twc\/\">\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 6\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 7\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 3\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u0648&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 - \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0648&nbsp;<strong>\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/how-catalytic-converters-are-manufactured-substrate-to-canning\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/How-Catalytic-Converters-Are-Manufactured-01.jpg\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629 01\" class=\"wp-image-5564\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/How-Catalytic-Converters-Are-Manufactured-01.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/How-Catalytic-Converters-Are-Manufactured-01-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/How-Catalytic-Converters-Are-Manufactured-01-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/How-Catalytic-Converters-Are-Manufactured-01-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/How-Catalytic-Converters-Are-Manufactured-01-600x372.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/how-catalytic-converters-are-manufactured-substrate-to-canning\/\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629 <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5606,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowgdPcCw:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[1276,1278,1277,1205,1279],"class_list":["post-5602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guide","tag-catalytic-converter-materials","tag-catalytic-converter-parts","tag-inside-a-catalytic-converter","tag-platinum-palladium-rhodium","tag-three-way-catalyst-structure"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5602","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5602"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5602\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5602"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5602"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5602"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}