{"id":6358,"date":"2026-01-13T18:31:06","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T02:31:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/?p=6358"},"modified":"2026-01-13T18:31:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-14T02:31:09","slug":"three-way-catalytic-converter-sensor-fix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/three-way-catalytic-converter-sensor-fix\/","title":{"rendered":"7 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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    \n
  1. \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643: \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643: \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f: \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0629: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637: \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: PTC \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 NTC<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 (PTC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 PTC\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649. \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a <\/a>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a PTC \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (NTC) \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a NTC \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/th>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a PTC<\/th>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 NTC<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/td>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649<\/td>\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1000 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 700 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/td>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td><\/tr>
    \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/td>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 "\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642"<\/td>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 OBD-II \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 P0420 (\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632) \u0623\u0648 P0544 (\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645). \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0627\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643. \u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 5 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a.<\/a> \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644. \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 5: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633. \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f "OL" \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 (EGT) \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a: \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a: \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 "\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629"\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643: \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 1400 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 (DTCs)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u0631\u0645\u0632 DTC<\/th>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      P0544<\/td>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 1<\/td>\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
      P0546<\/td>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
      P0420<\/td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0644<\/td><\/tr>
      P2033<\/td>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 (EGT) \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643<\/td><\/tr>
      P247A<\/td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/td>\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647. \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0634\u0651 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u064a\u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0643\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062f\u0623. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0645 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633. \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0640 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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