{"id":6367,"date":"2026-01-18T17:55:14","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T01:55:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/?p=6367"},"modified":"2026-01-18T17:55:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T01:55:16","slug":"three-way-catalytic-converter-ev-impact","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/three-way-catalytic-converter-ev-impact\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a: 5 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The automotive industry currently undergoes a massive transformation. Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) now redefine how we think about transportation. Central to this shift is the future of the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>. This component has served as the backbone of emission control for decades. However, its role changes drastically depending on the powertrain. For battery electric vehicles, the component disappears entirely. Conversely, hybrid systems demand more sophisticated versions of this technology. This article explores how the rise of electric and hybrid power affects the design, demand, and technical requirements of the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>. We will analyze the chemical challenges, market shifts, and engineering innovations driving this evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Mechanics of the Three Way Catalytic Converter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0performs three vital tasks simultaneously. It handles carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). The device utilizes a honeycomb substrate coated with precious metals. Platinum, palladium, and rhodium act as catalysts. These metals trigger chemical reactions without being consumed themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

First, the reduction catalyst addresses nitrogen oxides. It strips nitrogen atoms from the molecules. This process releases clean nitrogen and oxygen. Second, the oxidation catalyst tackles carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. It adds oxygen to these pollutants. This reaction produces carbon dioxide and water vapor. Modern gasoline engines rely heavily on the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>to meet strict environmental standards. Without it, urban air quality would plummet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/a>
\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Electric Vehicles: The Total Elimination of Tailpipe Emissions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) represent a total departure from internal combustion. These cars use electric motors and large battery packs. They do not burn fuel. Consequently, they do not produce exhaust gases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Total Absence of Emission Components<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A BEV lacks an exhaust system. Therefore, it does not require a\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>. This removal simplifies the vehicle architecture. It eliminates several heavy and expensive parts. Manufacturers save on raw material costs for platinum group metals (PGMs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maintenance and Ownership Benefits<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

EV owners enjoy lower maintenance requirements. They never need to replace a clogged or damaged\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>. They also face zero risk from converter theft. This peace of mind significantly lowers the total cost of ownership. However, the mass adoption of BEVs threatens the traditional automotive supply chain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disruption of the Recycling Market<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The recycling industry relies on a steady supply of scrap converters. These devices provide a secondary source of rhodium and palladium. As BEVs gain market share, the volume of available scrap will eventually drop. This shift could destabilize the precious metals market over the next two decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hybrid Vehicles: Increasing Complexity and Technical Demands<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hybrid vehicles combine an internal combustion engine (ICE) with electric propulsion. They do not eliminate the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>. Instead, they often require a more robust and expensive version.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Challenge of Thermal Management<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hybrid engines cycle on and off frequently. This behavior creates a severe thermal problem. A\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0requires heat to function effectively. Most catalysts only \u201clight off\u201d at temperatures above 300\u00b0C. In a hybrid, the engine may shut down during coasting or low-speed driving. The exhaust system then cools down. When the engine restarts for a sudden burst of power, the converter is too cold. This leads to a spike in untreated emissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Higher Precious Metal Loading<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

To combat the cold-start problem, engineers increase the catalyst density. Hybrid\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0units often contain more palladium and rhodium than standard ICE units. These metals allow the chemical reactions to begin at lower temperatures. This ensures the vehicle meets emission targets even during intermittent engine use. Consequently, hybrid converters cost significantly more to manufacture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Critical Role of Substrate Design in Hybrids<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The physical structure inside the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>matters immensely. Most manufacturers use a ceramic honeycomb substrate. This substrate provides a massive surface area for the catalyst washcoat. In hybrid applications, the substrate must withstand rapid temperature fluctuations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thermal shock can crack low-quality ceramic honeycombs. Therefore, premium hybrids often utilize thin-wall substrates. These designs heat up faster than standard versions. Faster heating means the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>reaches its operational window sooner. This engineering choice directly reduces the environmental impact of urban hybrid driving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why Hybrids Drive Catalytic Converter Theft<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The high concentration of precious metals makes hybrid cars prime targets for criminals. The Toyota Prius is a well-known example. Its\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0contains a rich PGM washcoat. Thieves can remove these parts in less than two minutes. They sell the units to scrap yards for hundreds of dollars. The secondary market for these metals remains extremely lucrative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comparison of Powertrain Impact on Emission Systems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>Traditional ICE<\/th>Hybrid (HEV\/PHEV)<\/th>Electric (BEV)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>Mandatory<\/td>Mandatory (High Spec)<\/td>Not Applicable<\/td><\/tr>
Primary Pollutants Managed<\/strong><\/td>CO, NOx, HC<\/td>CO, NOx, HC<\/td>None<\/td><\/tr>
Precious Metal Content<\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/td>High \/ Very High<\/td>Zero<\/td><\/tr>
Operating Temperature<\/strong><\/td>Consistent \/ Stable<\/td>Intermittent \/ Fluctuating<\/td>N\/A<\/td><\/tr>
Theft Risk Level<\/strong><\/td>Moderate<\/td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>Zero<\/td><\/tr>
System Complexity<\/strong><\/td>Moderate<\/td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>Low (No Exhaust)<\/td><\/tr>
Maintenance Need<\/strong><\/td>Occasional<\/td>Frequent Inspection<\/td>None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Advanced Technologies in Modern Emission Control<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Manufacturers are not standing still. They are developing new ways to optimize the\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0for the hybrid era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Electrically Heated Catalysts (EHC)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629...\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u064a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u064a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646. \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 7 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 6\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/a>
\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062e\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Explore how EVs and hybrids impact the three way catalytic converter. EVs remove them, while hybrids use more precious metals. Learn about the new risks now.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6368,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowgdPcCw:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[1175,414,1614,1611,1613,1612,99],"class_list":["post-6367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guide","tag-automotive-emission-control","tag-catalytic-converter-theft","tag-cold-start-technology","tag-ev-impact-on-catalysts","tag-hybrid-vehicle-emissions","tag-pgm-demand","tag-three-way-catalytic-converter-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6367"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6369,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6367\/revisions\/6369"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}