{"id":6424,"date":"2026-02-09T18:57:21","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T02:57:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/?p=6424"},"modified":"2026-02-09T18:57:26","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T02:57:26","slug":"three-way-catalytic-converter-5-best-light-off-improvements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3waycatalyst.com\/ar\/three-way-catalytic-converter-5-best-light-off-improvements\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a: \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 5 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/a>
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\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (C3H6). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 (CH4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 100% \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 60% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 "\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629". \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646)<\/th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td>>98%<\/td>~60%<\/td><\/tr>
\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 250 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 450 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631)<\/td><\/tr>
\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/td>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (1): CH4 + 2O2 \u2192 CO2 + 2H2O<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (2): CH4 + H2O \u2192 CO + 3H2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 "\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629" \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (CO) \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 (NO) \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a". \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a CO \u0648NO \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u200b\u200b\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 "\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631" \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 "\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a"\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a.\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 [\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631] \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644.\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a (2018)<\/a>\u00a0\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 "\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631" \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f (AFR)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 "\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627". \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/a>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u0625\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0640\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 "\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0640\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 50% (\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644) \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 "\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627" (\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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